A radial tyre was originally developed by Michelin in 1946. All modern car tyres are radial.
All common tyres are made of layers of rubber and cords of polyester, steel, and other textile materials. This network of cords that gives the tyre strength and shape is called the carcass. Radial tyres lay all of the cord plies at 90 degrees to the direction of travel (that is, across the tire from lip to lip). This design reduces the rolling friction of the tyre. This allows vehicles with radial tyres to achieve better fuel economy. It also accounts for the slightly "low on air" (bulging) look that radial tyre sidewalls have.
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